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Thermal Wheels, Pipes & Flash Tanks

Rotating heat wheels, heat pipes, flash steam recovery from condensate.

10 min read · Jacob Willis, Net Zero Lead · Last reviewed July 2026


Not every recovery duty suits a plain heat exchanger. Some need to transfer heat between two air streams compactly, some need to move heat passively with no moving parts, and some need to bridge a gap in time between when heat is available and when it is wanted. This lesson covers three technologies that handle these cases: thermal wheels, heat pipes, and, for steam systems, flash recovery. Each solves a specific matching problem the previous lessons raised.

In this lesson

  • 01Thermal wheels
  • 02Heat pipes
  • 03Flash steam recovery
  • 04Sources and further reading