Energy Academy
Controls & Operational Strategy9 / 13

VAV Box Control & Duct Static Pressure

How VAV systems modulate to meet zone demands.

9 min read · Jacob Willis, Net Zero Lead · Last reviewed July 2026


VAV stands for variable-air-volume. In an all-air HVAC system, VAV boxes are the mechanism that allow different zones to demand different amounts of air (and thus heating/cooling) simultaneously.

In this lesson

  • 01How VAV boxes work
  • 02The efficiency advantage
  • 03VAV control problems
  • 04Typical VAV operation
  • 05Troubleshooting VAV issues
  • 06Sources and further reading