Storage Technologies & Systems5 / 13
Water Tanks (Thermal Mass)
Hot water tanks for DHW, thermal storage; sizing, insulation, stratification.
10 min read · Jacob Willis, Net Zero Lead · Last reviewed July 2026
The humble water tank is the workhorse of thermal storage: cheap, safe, and effective, sensible water storage underpins most building heat and hot-water systems. Getting it right matters more than its simplicity suggests, because a poorly designed or badly connected tank can waste much of the value it should deliver. This lesson covers why water, the roles a tank plays, the stratification that determines its real performance, and losses and sizing.
In this lesson
- 01Why water
- 02Buffer tanks and their roles
- 03Stratification: the key to performance
- 04Losses and sizing
- 05Sources and further reading